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Compare Montserrat (2001) - Indian Ocean (2005)

Compare Montserrat (2001) z Indian Ocean (2005)

 Montserrat (2001)Indian Ocean (2005)
 MontserratIndian Ocean
Administrative divisions 3 parishes; Saint Anthony, Saint Georges, Saint Peter's -
Age structure 0-14 years:
23.83% (male 907; female 898)

15-64 years:
64.66% (male 2,341; female 2,556)

65 years and over:
11.51% (male 464; female 408) (2001 est.)		 -
Agriculture - products cabbages, carrots, cucumbers, tomatoes, onions, peppers; livestock products -
Airports 1 (2000 est.) -
Airports - with paved runways total:
1

under 914 m:
1 (2000 est.)		 -
Area total:
100 sq km

land:
100 sq km

water:
0 sq km		 total: 68.556 million sq km


note: includes Andaman Sea, Arabian Sea, Bay of Bengal, Flores Sea, Great Australian Bight, Gulf of Aden, Gulf of Oman, Java Sea, Mozambique Channel, Persian Gulf, Red Sea, Savu Sea, Strait of Malacca, Timor Sea, and other tributary water bodies
Area - comparative about 0.6 times the size of Washington, DC about 5.5 times the size of the US
Background Much of this island has been devastated and two-thirds of the population has fled abroad due to the eruption of the Soufriere Hills volcano that began on 18 July 1995. The Indian Ocean is the third largest of the world's five oceans (after the Pacific Ocean and Atlantic Ocean, but larger than the Southern Ocean and Arctic Ocean). Four critically important access waterways are the Suez Canal (Egypt), Bab el Mandeb (Djibouti-Yemen), Strait of Hormuz (Iran-Oman), and Strait of Malacca (Indonesia-Malaysia). The decision by the International Hydrographic Organization in the spring of 2000 to delimit a fifth ocean, the Southern Ocean, removed the portion of the Indian Ocean south of 60 degrees south.
Birth rate 17.43 births/1,000 population (2001 est.) -
Budget revenues:
$31.4 million

expenditures:
$31.6 million, including capital expenditures of $8.4 million (1997 est.)		 -
Capital Plymouth (abandoned in 1997 due to volcanic activity; interim government buildings have been built at Brades, in the Carr's Bay/Little Bay vicinity at the northwest end of Montserrat) -
Climate tropical; little daily or seasonal temperature variation northeast monsoon (December to April), southwest monsoon (June to October); tropical cyclones occur during May/June and October/November in the northern Indian Ocean and January/February in the southern Indian Ocean
Coastline 40 km 66,526 km
Constitution present constitution came into force 19 December 1989 -
Country name conventional long form:
none

conventional short form:
Montserrat		 -
Currency East Caribbean dollar (XCD) -
Death rate 7.53 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.) -
Debt - external $8.9 million (1997) -
Dependency status overseas territory of the UK -
Diplomatic representation from the US none (overseas territory of the UK) -
Diplomatic representation in the US none (overseas territory of the UK) -
Disputes - international none some maritime disputes (see littoral states)
Economic aid - recipient $9.8 million (1995); note - about $100 million (1996-98) in reconstruction aid from the UK; Country Policy Plan (1999) is a three-year program for spending $122.8 million in British budgetary assistance -
Economy - overview Severe volcanic activity, which began in July 1995, has put a damper on this small, open economy. A catastrophic eruption in June 1997 closed the airports and seaports, causing further economic and social dislocation. Two-thirds of the 12,000 inhabitants fled the island. Some began to return in 1998, but lack of housing limited the number. The agriculture sector continued to be affected by the lack of suitable land for farming and the destruction of crops. Prospects for the economy depend largely on developments in relation to the volcano and on public sector construction activity. The UK committed to a three year $125 million aid program in 1999 to help reconstruct the economy. The Indian Ocean provides major sea routes connecting the Middle East, Africa, and East Asia with Europe and the Americas. It carries a particularly heavy traffic of petroleum and petroleum products from the oilfields of the Persian Gulf and Indonesia. Its fish are of great and growing importance to the bordering countries for domestic consumption and export. Fishing fleets from Russia, Japan, South Korea, and Taiwan also exploit the Indian Ocean, mainly for shrimp and tuna. Large reserves of hydrocarbons are being tapped in the offshore areas of Saudi Arabia, Iran, India, and western Australia. An estimated 40% of the world's offshore oil production comes from the Indian Ocean. Beach sands rich in heavy minerals and offshore placer deposits are actively exploited by bordering countries, particularly India, South Africa, Indonesia, Sri Lanka, and Thailand.
Electricity - consumption 9.3 million kWh (1999) -
Electricity - exports 0 kWh (1999) -
Electricity - imports 0 kWh (1999) -
Electricity - production 10 million kWh (1999) -
Electricity - production by source fossil fuel:
100%

hydro:
0%

nuclear:
0%

other:
0% (1999)		 -
Elevation extremes lowest point:
Caribbean Sea 0 m

highest point:
Chances Peak (in the Soufriere Hills) 914 m		 lowest point: Java Trench -7,258 m


highest point: sea level 0 m
Environment - current issues land erosion occurs on slopes that have been cleared for cultivation endangered marine species include the dugong, seals, turtles, and whales; oil pollution in the Arabian Sea, Persian Gulf, and Red Sea
Ethnic groups black, white -
Exchange rates East Caribbean dollars per US dollar - 2.7000 (fixed rate since 1976) -
Executive branch chief of state:
Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952), represented by Governor Anthony John ABBOTT (since NA September 1997)

head of government:
Chief Minister David BRANDT (since 22 August 1997)

cabinet:
Executive Council consists of the governor, the chief minister, three other ministers, the attorney general, and the finance secretary

elections:
the monarch is hereditary; governor appointed by the monarch; following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party usually becomes chief minister; note - as a result of the last election, a coalition party was formed between NPP, NDP, and one of the independent candidates		 -
Exports $1.5 million (1998) -
Exports - commodities electronic components, plastic bags, apparel, hot peppers, live plants, cattle -
Exports - partners US, Antigua and Barbuda (1993) -
Fiscal year 1 April - 31 March -
Flag description blue, with the flag of the UK in the upper hoist-side quadrant and the Montserratian coat of arms centered in the outer half of the flag; the coat of arms features a woman standing beside a yellow harp with her arm around a black cross -
GDP purchasing power parity - $31 million (1999 est.) -
GDP - composition by sector agriculture:
5.4%

industry:
13.6%

services:
81% (1996 est.)		 -
GDP - per capita purchasing power parity - $5,000 (1999 est.) -
GDP - real growth rate -1.5% (1999 est.) -
Geographic coordinates 16 45 N, 62 12 W 20 00 S, 80 00 E
Geography - note - major chokepoints include Bab el Mandeb, Strait of Hormuz, Strait of Malacca, southern access to the Suez Canal, and the Lombok Strait
Highways total:
269 km

paved:
203 km

unpaved:
66 km (1995)		 -
Household income or consumption by percentage share lowest 10%:
NA%

highest 10%:
NA%		 -
Illicit drugs transshipment point for South American narcotics destined for the US and Europe -
Imports $26 million (1998) -
Imports - commodities machinery and transportation equipment, foodstuffs, manufactured goods, fuels, lubricants, and related materials -
Imports - partners US, UK, Trinidad and Tobago, Japan, Canada (1993) -
Independence none (overseas territory of the UK) -
Industrial production growth rate NA% -
Industries tourism, rum, textiles, electronic appliances -
Infant mortality rate 8.19 deaths/1,000 live births (2001 est.) -
Inflation rate (consumer prices) 5% (1998) -
International organization participation Caricom, CDB, ECLAC (associate), ICFTU, Interpol (subbureau), OECS, WCL -
Internet Service Providers (ISPs) 17 (2000) -
Irrigated land NA sq km -
Judicial branch Eastern Caribbean Supreme Court (based in Saint Lucia, one judge of the Supreme Court is a resident of the islands and presides over the High Court) -
Labor force 4,521 (1992); note - recently lowered by flight of people from volcanic activity -
Labor force - by occupation agriculture NA%, industry NA%, services NA% -
Land boundaries 0 km -
Land use arable land:
20%

permanent crops:
0%

permanent pastures:
10%

forests and woodland:
40%

other:
30% (1993 est.)		 -
Languages English -
Legal system English common law and statutory law -
Legislative branch unicameral Legislative Council (11 seats, 7 popularly elected; members serve five-year terms)

elections:
last held 11 November 1996 (next to be held by NA November 2001)

election results:
percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - PPA 2, MNR 2, NPP 1, independent 2		 -
Life expectancy at birth total population:
78.03 years

male:
75.95 years

female:
80.22 years (2001 est.)		 -
Literacy definition:
age 15 and over has ever attended school

total population:
97%

male:
97%

female:
97% (1970 est.)		 -
Location Caribbean, island in the Caribbean Sea, southeast of Puerto Rico body of water between Africa, the Southern Ocean, Asia, and Australia
Map references Central America and the Caribbean Political Map of the World
Maritime claims exclusive fishing zone:
200 NM

territorial sea:
3 NM		 -
Merchant marine none (2000 est.) -
Military - note defense is the responsibility of the UK -
Military branches Police Force -
National holiday Birthday of Queen ELIZABETH II, second Saturday in June (1926) -
Nationality noun:
Montserratian(s)

adjective:
Montserratian		 -
Natural hazards severe hurricanes (June to November); volcanic eruptions (full-scale eruptions of the Soufriere Hills volcano occurred during 1996-97) occasional icebergs pose navigational hazard in southern reaches
Natural resources NEGL oil and gas fields, fish, shrimp, sand and gravel aggregates, placer deposits, polymetallic nodules
Net migration rate 123.98 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2001 est.) -
Political parties and leaders Movement for National Reconstruction or MNR [Percival Austin BRAMBLE]; National Development Party or NDP [leader NA]; National Progressive Party or NPP [Reuben T. MEADE]; People's Progressive Alliance or PPA [John A. OSBORNE] -
Political pressure groups and leaders NA -
Population 7,574

note:
an estimated 8,000 refugees left the island following the resumption of volcanic activity in July 1995; some have returned (July 2001 est.)		 -
Population below poverty line NA% -
Population growth rate 13.39% (2001 est.) -
Ports and harbors Plymouth (abandoned), Little Bay (anchorages and ferry landing), Carr's Bay Chennai (Madras; India), Colombo (Sri Lanka), Durban (South Africa), Jakarta (Indonesia), Kolkata (Calcutta; India) Melbourne (Australia), Mumbai (Bombay; India), Richards Bay (South Africa)
Radio broadcast stations AM 1, FM 2, shortwave 0 (1998) -
Radios 7,000 (1997) -
Railways 0 km -
Religions Anglican, Methodist, Roman Catholic, Pentecostal, Seventh-Day Adventist, other Christian denominations -
Sex ratio at birth:
1.05 male(s)/female

under 15 years:
1.01 male(s)/female

15-64 years:
0.92 male(s)/female

65 years and over:
1.14 male(s)/female

total population:
0.96 male(s)/female (2001 est.)		 -
Suffrage 18 years of age; universal -
Telephone system general assessment:
NA

domestic:
NA

international:
NA		 -
Telephones - main lines in use 4,000 (1997) -
Telephones - mobile cellular 70 (1994) -
Television broadcast stations 1 (1997) -
Terrain volcanic islands, mostly mountainous, with small coastal lowland surface dominated by counterclockwise gyre (broad, circular system of currents) in the southern Indian Ocean; unique reversal of surface currents in the northern Indian Ocean; low atmospheric pressure over southwest Asia from hot, rising, summer air results in the southwest monsoon and southwest-to-northeast winds and currents, while high pressure over northern Asia from cold, falling, winter air results in the northeast monsoon and northeast-to-southwest winds and currents; ocean floor is dominated by the Mid-Indian Ocean Ridge and subdivided by the Southeast Indian Ocean Ridge, Southwest Indian Ocean Ridge, and Ninetyeast Ridge
Total fertility rate 1.82 children born/woman (2001 est.) -
Unemployment rate 20% (1996 est.) -
Waterways none -
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